What protects the heart?
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The heart is protected by the ribcage, a series of long bones that connect to the sternum in the front and the thoracic vertebrae in the back.
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ArrayWhat structure is affected by Spina bifida?
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Spina bifida, a birth defect where the spine doesn’t close around the spinal cord, can lead to neurological complications and require medical attention.
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ArrayWhat is the primary function of a defibrillator?
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Defibrillators can be used in emergencies where cardiac arrhythmias lead to cardiac arrest. They deliver a dose of electric current to the heart, which can help to re-establish a regular heartbeat.
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ArrayWhat system includes red blood cells (erythrocytes)?
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The function of red blood cells is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues. And to carry carbon dioxide as a waste product away from the tissues.
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ArrayWhat do you call a reduced count of red blood cells or hemoglobin?
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Anemia, a condition marked by insufficient red blood cells, can stem from various causes like significant blood loss, iron scarcity, or lack of vitamin B12.
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ArrayIdentify the organ that functions as a pump.
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The heart, an impressive four-chambered muscular organ, maintains a steady rhythm of contractions and relaxations to propel blood throughout the body’s vasculature.
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ArrayWhat’s the term for decreased ovarian function?
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Menopause marks the end of a woman’s reproductive years, characterized by the ovaries ceasing hormone production, leading to the cessation of menstrual cycles.
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ArrayName a hormone secreted by the ovaries.
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The ovaries, the main source of estrogen, play a pivotal role in female reproductive health, influencing everything from menstrual cycles to pregnancy.
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ArrayWhat are the cells of the lymphatic system called?
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Lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell found in lymph, are key players in the immune response, defending the body against foreign invaders.
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ArrayWhat forms eggs?
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The ovaries, nestled in the pelvic region, are reproductive powerhouses where eggs develop, central to fertility and hormonal balance.
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ArrayWhat’s the name of the exit for fecal matter?
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The anus, governed by sphincter muscles, is the final exit for digestive waste, a critical component of the body’s waste elimination system.
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ArrayWhen a woman gets her tubes tied, which tubes are these?
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The fallopian tubes, pathways for egg and sperm union, become impassable when surgically altered, a method often used for birth control.
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ArrayWhich body system is responsible for disease defense?
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The immune system’s army, white blood cells, patrol the body, seeking out and destroying infectious agents to keep us healthy.
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ArrayCan you identify the component of our digestive tract that is situated posterior to the trachea?
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The trachea and esophagus, two vital conduits in the chest, facilitate breathing and the passage of food to the stomach, respectively.
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ArrayWhich bony structure safeguards the spinal cord?
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The spinal cord, encased within the vertebral column and cushioned by meninges and cerebrospinal fluid, is the central highway for neural signals.
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ArrayName the compound that carries oxygen in the blood.
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Hemoglobin, the iron-containing molecule in red blood cells, has the vital task of binding and transporting oxygen to every corner of the body.
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ArrayWhat does the injury treatment acronym RICE stand for?
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To mitigate injury, it’s essential to rest, apply ice, compress, and elevate the affected area, reducing inflammation and aiding recovery.
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ArrayWhere are the eye’s light receptors (photoreceptors) located?
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The retina’s photoreceptors, rods for low light and cones for color vision, convert light into neural signals, enabling us to see the world.
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ArrayWhat applies the force to move bones?
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Muscle contractions, initiated by electrical impulses from nerves, generate the force that moves bones, allowing us to perform a myriad of actions.
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ArrayWhich system includes pain receptors?
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The nervous system alerts us to changes in our internal and external environments, with pain acting as a crucial signal of potential injury or harm.
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ArrayThrough what does oxygen enter and carbon dioxide exit the body?
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The alveoli in the lungs are essential for gas exchange, allowing oxygen to enter the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be expelled with each breath.
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ArrayCan you define splenectomy?
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The surgical term “-ectomy” indicates the removal of an organ; for example, a splenectomy is performed to prevent life-threatening bleeding from a damaged spleen.
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ArrayWhat’s the term for lymph node cancer?
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“-Oma” in medical terminology refers to a tumor, making lymphoma a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system’s nodes.
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ArrayWhat’s the cause of elephantiasis?
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Elephantiasis is a misleading term; it actually describes a human disease caused by filarial worms, leading to severe swelling, not related to elephants.
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ArrayWhat term describes paralysis of all four limbs?
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The prefix “quadra-” relates to the number four, often used in medical terms to describe structures related to the four limbs of the human body.
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ArrayName a neurotransmitter secreted by the adrenal glands.
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Adrenaline, a hormone released in response to stress, shares its root with adrenal, referring to the adrenal glands where this hormone is produced.
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ArrayWhat makes up the central nervous system (CNS)?
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The brain and spinal cord are central components of the nervous system, processing sensory information and coordinating responses to muscles and glands.
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ArrayWhat is another term for dental caries?
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Dental caries, also known as tooth cavities, result from acid-producing bacteria that erode tooth enamel, leading to decay and potential tooth loss.
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ArrayAt what age should colorectal cancer screening start if there are no risk factors?
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Colorectal cancer screening is generally recommended starting at age 50 unless personal or family health history suggests an earlier assessment.
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ArrayWhat might be impaired by an enlarged thyroid gland in the neck?
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An enlarged thyroid gland can press against the trachea, potentially causing breathing difficulties due to the gland’s location in the neck.
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ArrayWhich muscle allows you to wrinkle your forehead?
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The forehead is the front part of the face above the eyes, known medically as the frontalis region, playing a role in facial expressions.
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ArrayCan you name a difference between the female and male pelvis?
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The wider angle of the pubic bones in females is an evolutionary adaptation to facilitate childbirth, providing more space for the baby to pass through.
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ArrayWhich organ filters blood waste?
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While the kidneys primarily produce urine to excrete waste, the liver also plays a crucial role in detoxifying the blood and metabolizing waste products.
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ArrayWhich system does the thymus gland belong to due to its hormone secretion?
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The endocrine system includes hormone-secreting glands like the thymus, pituitary, and thyroid, each regulating different bodily functions.
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ArrayCan you define hormones?
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Hormones are the body’s chemical messengers, traveling through the bloodstream to target organs and tissues, eliciting specific physiological responses.
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ArrayWhere do hemorrhoids occur in the body?
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Hemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels in the rectal area, a common condition that can cause discomfort and bleeding, especially during bowel movements.
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ArrayWhat’s the term for proteins that fight infections in the body?
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Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that specifically recognize and bind to antigens, targeting them for destruction.
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ArrayWhere do ingested fluids go instead of the esophagus from the throat?
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The epiglottis, a leaf-shaped flap in the throat, ensures that food or liquid goes into the esophagus, not the trachea, to prevent it from entering the lungs, thus preventing choking.
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ArrayWhat movement is indicated by a “no” head shake?
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Rotation refers to a circular motion around an axis, like Earth’s rotation around its axis, which causes day and night.
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ArrayWhat tool is used to assess the heart’s electrical activity?
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An electrocardiogram, or EKG (ECG), can detect irregularities in heart rhythms, indicating potential heart problems such as arrhythmias, heart attacks, or heart failure.
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